Intrauterine insemination (IUI) – is an injection of treated sperm into the uterine cavity. Fertilization in this case occurs naturally - this is the main difference of IUI from in vitro fertilization.

Indications for IUI on the part of male:

• - Subfertile sperm – sperm cells' properties are impaired, their number is reduced, they are inactive, but there are normal and active cells among them;
• - Ejaculatory and sexual disorders;
• - there is a need for sperm cryopreservation.

In the presence of serious changes in the spermogram of the spouse, which do not allow the impregnation to occur, donor sperm shall be used for fertilization.

Indications for IUI on the part of female:

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• - Cervical factor of infertility – changes in the properties of cervical mucus, which prevent penetration of a sufficient number of sperm cells into the uterine cavity;
• -Vaginismus – vagina and perineum muscles jerk due to the fear of sexual intercourse;
• - Endometriosis of 1-2 level;
• - Ovulatory dysfunction;
• - Unexplained infertility.

Most often, the procedure of IUI shall be carried out when a female is healthy, she has pure, patulous fallopian tubes, whereas a male has a low fertilizing ability of sperm cells.

IUI advantages:

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• - Availability. The procedure is one of the most inexpensive alternative methods of combating infertility
• - Easy to carry out, does not require long preparation
• - Relatively high efficiency
• - Extremely low probability of any complications for a female after the procedure.

Этапы ВМИ:

• - Stimulation of ovulation (IUI can also be carried out in the natural menstrual cycle)
• - Control of ovum maturation and pre-treatment of endometrium
• - Choice of insemination time
• - Treatment of sperm
• - The actual IUI procedure

Intrauterine insemination can be performed in a natural or stimulated cycle.

When ovulation is stimulated, PR (pregnancy rate) is higher. Stimulation of ovulation shall be carried out under ultrasound control, which allows to monitor the process of ovum maturation and

increase intal uterine lining - endometrium. When reaching the most favorable moment for impregnation and implantation, sperm cells shall be injected into the uterus.

Time of ovulation shall be determined during the IUI procedure in the natural cycle using ultrasound – in most cases, it is the middle of the menstrual cycle.

After treating and concentrating male sperm during IUI procedure, it shall be injected into the uterine cavity through the cervix in the nutrient medium. The procedure is painless, since the sperm is injected with a special catheter of a very small diameter, which passes freely through the cervical canal.

The duration of intrauterine insemination is about 2 minutes. After the procedure, female shall stay in a horizontal position for 20-30 minutes.

Factors affecting the IUI effectiveness:

• - Cause of infertility
• - Age of the partners. The older female becomes, the lower is the probability of a positive result after insemination.
• - Duration of infertility
• - Number of IUI treatment cycles
• - Sperm parameters

Factors increasing the IUI effectiveness:

• - Test for DNA fragmentation of sperm
• - HBA test

Efficiency of one attempt of IUI is no more than 20%.

WHO recommends no more than six attempts of IUI, local experts tend to the fact that the maximum number should not exceed 3-4 attempts. If pregnancy has not occurred, it is recommended to undergo the procedure of in vitro fertilization (IVF/ICSI).

Preparation for IUI procedure includes the following:

• - Consultations of specialized doctors according to medical reasons;
• - Pelvic ultrasound
• - Attendance of obstetrician-gynecologist
• - Attendance of urologist-andrologist (for male)
• - Screening according to the check-up plan

If you have any questions, please contact our specialists for advice.

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